Could this Aussie purple plum hold the key to preventing dementia?

Scientists at three Australian universities believe a dark purple plum bred in Queensland could help delay, or even prevent, dementia.

Researchers at the University of Wollongong, the University of Queensland and Victoria University are testing juice from the Queen Garnet plum to see if it can protect the brain.

While each team's work is in its infancy, Victoria University's Michael Mathai says the results are very promising.

"There is evidence that people with early-stage dementia or perhaps mild cognitive impairment … can be helped by this," Professor Mathai said.

Early research shows promising brain benefits

Dr Mathai has been adding plum extract to lab-grown neuronal cells, which mimic brain cells.

"We see increases in genes or proteins made by the cells, which drive the formation of new connections and the lengthening of the axons, which are like the telephone wires that connect to the different cells … that's the basis for things like making new memories," he said.

While the research could have huge implications for the aged care sector, Professor Mathai is eager to know if the plum can also repair traumatic brain injuries.

"We've already shown the extract will protect against chemically induced damage from oxidative stress, for example, that's a neuro protection area, but … will it help to repair already damaged tissue? That's something which we need to investigate further," he said.

In Brisbane, Yasmina Sultanbawa says the Queen Garnet plum's high levels of anthocyanins, a compound found in purple, blue and some red fruit and vegetables, may explain its potential to improve brain health.

Anthocyanins are known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Studies suggest they help reduce blood pressure, delay diabetes and support heart health.

Gut health and the 'poo machine' 

Professor Sultanbawa believes eating extracts, juices and powders made from the high anthocyanin plums could one day be a cheaper way of treating lifestyle diseases than prescription drugs, and without the side effects.

Her research team is investigating the connection between gut and brain health, and the impact of eating foods high in anthocyanins.

"If you can really get the gut and the brain to work together, and if you understand it more, you will get a much healthier population."

Her lab is home to Australia's only scientific "poo machine", a series of glass chambers that recreate what happens in the human digestive system.

Tests have shown less than 5 per cent of anthocyanins are absorbed in the small intestine, with most of the absorption happening in the large intestine.

"You get like 10 trillion micro-organisms in your poo, and that microbiota will convert the anthocyanins to little molecules …which are really good for your body… [they're] anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and even cognitive functions will be improved."

With dementia and brain injury placing increasing pressure on families and the economy, she argues it's only logical to invest more in gut-brain research — a move that may cost millions in the short term but could save billions in healthcare in the future.

Hollywood interest boosts Queen Garnet profile

The plum season ended last month, but interest is ramping up.

Actor Chris Hemsworth recently showed interest in the Queen Garnet plum.

Several years ago, the movie star discovered he was predisposed to developing Alzheimer's and commissioned a television series looking at the latest breakthroughs in dementia prevention.

His research team contacted Sid and Bonney Ghosh, who own a controlling share in Nutrafruit, the company with the rights to market the plum.

The father and son team are excited the Australian-bred plum, with higher levels of anthocyanins than blueberries, might feature in Mr Hemsworth's series.

A spokesperson confirmed Chris Hemsworth plans to feature the Queen Garnet plum in his new YouTube series later this year.

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